Ashworth Independent publisher · Household economics

Independent publisher · Established 2024

Household economics, reported with its objections attached.

Ashworth covers how earnings arrive, how budgets absorb irregularity, and what the published research actually establishes about both — including where that research has failed to replicate.

Measuring income volatility: why the estimates disagree

Administrative bank records and household surveys produce different pictures of how much earnings fluctuate. The gap is largely a measurement artefact, and it matters for how the research is read.

Mental accounting and the fungibility problem

Standard economic theory treats money as interchangeable. A body of field evidence indicates households often do not, though the interpretation of that evidence remains contested.

Every claim carries a name

Empirical statements are attributed to a specific study with named authors, listed at the end of the article. Figures without a traceable source are not published, and widely repeated numbers of unclear origin are identified as such rather than reproduced.

Disagreement appears alongside the finding

Where a result has been contested, criticised on methodological grounds, or not reproduced in a later study, that appears in the same article as the result itself. A finding presented without its objections has been presented incompletely.

Nothing is presumed about the reader

Material is written in the third person throughout. Ashworth holds no information about the circumstances, finances, employment, or household of any person reading it, and does not write as though it did. Where a study concerns a particular group, that group is named as the study population and no inference is extended to the reader.

Description, not instruction

Published material describes what research has examined and what it found. It does not present methods, systems, or procedures that yield outcomes, and it makes no claim that reading it produces any result.

What Ashworth is not

  • It is not therapy, counselling, or professional advice. Nothing published here is financial, legal, tax, accounting, or clinical advice, and no professional relationship is created by reading it.
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What does Ashworth publish?

Written material on household economics: earnings volatility, budgeting under constraint, behavioural research on how money is categorised and spent, and the methodological questions that determine how much weight a given finding deserves. Every article names its sources.

Is the material free to read?

The articles listed on this page are published in full and require no registration or payment. Where longer material is offered for sale, its price and terms are stated before any purchase is completed.

What are the refund terms?

Purchases can be refunded within 30 days, without a stated reason. The full terms, including processing times and limits, are on the Refund Policy page.

Does Ashworth offer consultations or advice?

No. Ashworth is a publisher. It does not provide financial advice, does not review individual situations, and does not offer consultations, coaching, or personalised guidance of any kind.

Are there testimonials or reviews on this site?

No. Ashworth publishes no testimonials, reviews, case studies, success stories, or before-and-after accounts, and does not solicit them. Any such content attributed to Ashworth elsewhere did not originate here.

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The Privacy Policy sets out what is collected, the legal basis for each purpose under the LGPD and the GDPR, how long records are kept, and how access, correction, and deletion requests are made.

Support

Correspondence is handled by email at support@ashworth.pro, Monday to Friday, 09:00–18:00 (UTC−3). Replies are generally sent within two working days.

Ashworth operates from Brazil, has no telephone line, and has no physical address open to visitors. The contact page lists what to include in a message so that it can be answered in a single exchange.